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Thursday, April 5, 2012

BANTEN


Banten is a province of Indonesia in Java. Formerly part of the Province of West Java, it was made a separate province in 2000. The administrative center is Serang. Preliminary results from the 2010 census counted some 10.6 million people, Jabodetabek (Greater Jakarta) covers part of the province.
Banten province lies between 5°7'50" and 7°1'11" south latitude and 105°1'11" and 106°7'12" east longitude. The province has an area of 9,160 km² and consists of 4 cities and 4 districts, sub-divided into 140 districts, 262 urban villages and 1242 villages.
Banten is located along the Sunda Strait amongst strategic sea lanes through which large ships can pass linking Australia and New Zealand to Southeast Asia. Banten’s ports accommodate the excess capacity of sea ports in Jakarta and is intended to be an alternative port of Singapore.
Banten has sea borders to its north, (the Java Sea), to its west (the Sunda Strait), and to the south (the Indian Ocean). The Special Capital Region of Jakarta and the province of West Java border Banten to its east.
In the 5th century, Banten was part of the Kingdom of Tarumanagara. The Lebak relic inscriptions, found in lowland villages on the edge of Ci Danghiyang, Munjul, Pandeglang, Banten, were discovered in 1947 and contains 2 lines of poetry with Pallawa script and Sanskrit language.[citation needed] The inscriptions speak of the courage of king Purnawarman. After the collapse of the kingdom Tarumanagara following attack by Srivijaya, power in the western Java fell to the Kingdom of Sunda. The Chinese source, Chu-fan-chi, written circa 1200, Chou Ju-kua mentioned that in the early 13th Century, Srivijaya still ruled Sumatra, the Malay peninsula, and western Java (Sunda). The source identifies the port of Sunda as strategic and thriving, pepper from Sunda being among the best in quality. The people worked in agriculture and their houses were built on wooden poles (rumah panggung). However, robbers and thieves plagued the country. It was highly possible that the port of Sunda mentioned by Chou Ju-kua was probably refer to the port of Banten.
According to Portuguese explorer, Tome Pires, in the early 16 th century the port of Bantam (Banten) was one of the important ports of the Kingdom of Sunda, along with the ports of Pontang, Cheguide (Cigede), Tangaram (Tangerang), Calapa (Sunda Kelapa) and Chimanuk (estuarine of Cimanuk river).
In 1527 just as the Portuguese fleet was arriving of the coast, newly converted Javanese muslims under Sunan Gunungjati capture the port and surrounding area from Sunda and establish the Sultanate of Banten. As the center of this sultanate, as reported by J. de Barros, Banten is a major port in Southeast Asia, parallel to the Malacca and Makassar. City of Banten is located in the mid-coast of the bay, which up to three miles wide. the city was 850 fathoms in length. In the seaside town of 400 fathoms in length; enter into it longer. Through the middle of town there is a clear river, where the ship type and gale junks could sail through. Throughout the suburbs there is a tributary, the river is not how large it was only small boats can only sail through. In a suburb that is a fortress whose walls were made of brick and seven palms wide. Defense buildings made of wood, consisting of two levels, and armed with good weapons. In the middle of town square is used for the benefit of military activities and folk art and as a market in the morning. The king's palace is located in the southern part of the square. Beside the building is elevated and flat-roofed, called Srimanganti, which is used as the king of face to face with people. To the west of the square was built a great mosque.
In the early 17th century AD, Banten is one of the important commercial center in the international trade route in Asia. Modern administration and governance port very supportive for the growth of the economic community. Its territory includes the area is now the province of Lampung in southern Sumatra.
When the Dutch arrived in Indonesia for the first time, the Portuguese have long entered the Banten. Then the English founded a factory in Banten and followed by the Dutch. In addition, the French and Danish people also came to trade in Banten. In the competition between the European traders, the Dutch emerged as the winner. Portuguese man fled from Banten (1601), after their fleet was destroyed by the Dutch fleet off the coast of Banten.
Most community members embrace the religion of Islam with the religious spirit high, but other religions can live side by side in peace. Potential community and cultural distinctiveness of Banten, among other martial art Pencak silat, Debus, Rudad, Umbruk, Saman Dance, Mask Dance, Dance Cokek, Dog-dog, Palingtung, and Lojor. In addition, there are also relics of the ancestral heritage include the Great Mosque of Banten Lama, Masjid Keramat Long, and many other relics.
In Banten province is Baduy tribe. Baduy tribe in a tribal Sundanese Banten still maintain the tradition of anti-modernity, both clothing and other living patterns. Baduy-Rawayan tribes living in the area Kendeng Mountains Heritage area 5101.85 hectares in the area Baduy, Sub Lewidamar, Lebak District. Baduy community settlements are generally located in river basins in the mountains Kendeng Ciujung. This area is known as the land area of deposit from a common ancestor, which must be maintained and guarded well, should not be destroyed.
The natives who lived in Banten Province speak using the dialect which is derived from the Sundanese Ancient. These dialects are classified as coarse language in the Sundanese language of modern, which have some level of fine level to coarse level (informal), who first created during the Mataram Sultanate controlled Priangan (the southeastern part of West Java Province). However, in Serang and Cilegon, Banten Java language used by ethnic Javanese. And, in the northern city of Tangerang, Indonesian with the Betawi dialect is also used by the Betawi ethnic newcomers. Besides Sundanese, Javanese and Betawi dialect, Indonesian language is also used mainly by immigrants from other parts of Indonesia.
The house is the ancestral lands of thatched roof houses on stilts leaf roof and floor made of pounded bamboo, bamboo is split apart. While walls were made from the booth (gedek). To buffer stage is a stone house that was made in such a way that ends the block shaped more like a rock shrink used to grind rice base. The traditional house is still widely found in areas inhabited by people Baduy or called the Baduy.
Administrative division
Banten is subdivided into 4 regencies and 4 autonomous cities, listed below with their (provisional) populations at the 2010 Census.
The 4 regencies (kabupaten) are:
The 4 autonomous cities (kota) are:
Note:
  • Tangerang Regency capital was in the city of Tangerang until that City was separated from the Regency.
  • Tangerang City was formed as an autonomous city on 27 February 1993 out of the Tangerang Regency. Tangerang was previously an administrative city within that Regency.
  • South Tangerang city was established as an autonomous city on 29 October 2008 out of the Tangerang Regency. The name previously was the Cipasera City.
  • Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) recommends Ciruas as the new Serang capital center location.
  • Cilegon formed as an autonomous city on 10 April 1999 out of the Serang Regency. Cilegon previously was an administrative city within thate Regency.
  • Serang City was incorporated as an autonomous city in November 2007 out of the Serang Regency.
Universities in Banten:
State Universities:
Private Universities:
In 2006, the population numbered 9,351,470 inhabitants Banten, the ratio of 3,370,182 inhabitants (36.04%) of children, 240,742 inhabitants (2.57%) advanced age, the remaining 5,740,546 people aged between 15 to 64 year. Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) in 2005 the majority came from the manufacturing industry (49.75%), followed by trade, hotels and restaurants (17.13%), transport and communication (8.58%) and agriculture are only 8, 53%. But in terms of employment, 23.11% industry absorb labor, followed by agriculture (21.14%), commerce (20.84%) and transport / communications that only 9.50%.
Ujung Kulon is one of the national parks and nature conservation sites in Indonesia. The One-horned rhino is an endemic species in this reserve. Ujung Kulon consists of several small islands including Peucang Island, Handeuleum Island, and Panaitan Island. The highest point is Mount Honje. The characteristics of this national park are its role as a natural habitat for various types of protected animals such as the Java rhinoceros, deer, antelope, banteng, various primates, wild boar, jungle cats, lemurs, and many kinds of birds.
The area can be reached through the village of Panimbangan or boat to one of the existing islands. Ujung Kulon is equipped with various means of telecommunication networks, electricity, and clean water. Tourism facilities such as accommodation, information center, tourist guides, and transportation also available. UNESCO has declared the area as a World Heritage Site in 1991.
The main attraction of this area is the natural beauty of the ocean reef groups, various types of sea fish, and of course many kinds of birds. Luas kawasan ini sekitar 30 ha. The area is about 30 ha. Every year between April and August, the island is visited by thousands of birds from 60 species originating from various countries. About forty thousand birds are flying from the continent of Australia, Asia, and Africa.
Pulau Dua can be achieved with traditional boat or motor boat in 15 to 30 minutes through the sawah Luhur, Kasemen. in this area, have available the means of electricity networks, telecommunications, and water.
Umang Island has an area of about 5 ha, and located in the tourist area of Pandeglang beach, adjacent to the tourist area of Cape Lesung. This tourist resort is managed by a private company that provides a variety of recreational and entertainment facilities are attractive. On this island, there is a resort that is set up with a natural artistic touch, equipped with meeting rooms, cafe, spa, business center, sunset lounge, beach club, swimming pool and so on. In addition, available facilities and recreational water sports, jogging track, cross country, tennis court, karaoke, and others. We can go to this island with relative ease.
Mount Krakatau is located in the waters of the Sunda Strait. It is one of the most famous volcanoes in the world, because of the tremendous eruption in 1883. The noise of the eruption could be heard as far away as on the Australian continent, and the ash clouds affected the skies in Europe for a week. The Krakatoa explosion decimated the original volcano; a new volcanic cone is developing in the caldera: Anak Krakatoa ('child of Krakatoa') which surfaced in 1928 which still remains active. Located in the Sunda Strait, nature tourism on the new volcanic peak is easily reached from Anyer-Carita beach, about an hour's travel by motor boat. This resort offers nature tours such as camping, hiking, fishing, and snorkelling.
Rawadano or other name Lake Wetlands Nature Preserve is located in Serang district, and is 101 km from Jakarta. This area is an area dominated marshes, there is also a lake. The area is approximately 2,500 hectares of overgrown by various types of trees. The island is a nesting place for various types of animals reptiles, like snakes and crocodiles. No less than 250 species of birds living in this area.

 

Nama Resmi
 :
 Provinsi Banten
Ibukota 
 :
 Serang
Luas Wilayah
 :
 9.662,92 Km2
Jumlah Penduduk
 :
 9.953.414 jiwa
Suku Bangsa
 :
Sunda,
Baduy
Agama
 :
Islam
Protestan
Katolik  
Sunda Wiwitan
Wilayah Administrasi 
 :
Kabupaten : 4
Kota : 4 
Kecamatan : 154
Kelurahan : 262 
Desa : 1.273 



Sejarah

Dahulu wilayah Banten (Cilegon, Tangerang, Serang, Pandeglang dan Lebak) merupakan bagian dari Provinsi Jawa Barat, namun dengan adanya pemekaran daerah maka sejak tanggal 4 Oktober 2003 Banten resmi menjadii sebuah Provinsi dengan Ibukota Serang. Meskipun usianya masih muda Banten mempunyai sejarah panjang dalam perjuangan bersama dengan daerah-daerah yang lainnya, utamanya perjuangan melawan kaum kolonialisme / penjajahan.   

Arti Logo


Kubah Mesjid, melambangkan kultur masyarakat yang agamais.
Bintang bersudut lima, melambangkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa.

Menara Mesjid Agung Banten, melambangkan semangat tinggi, yang berpedoman pada petunjuk Allah SWT.
Gapura Kaibon, melambangkan Daerah Propinsi Banten sebagai pintu gerbang peradaban dunia, perekonomian dan lalu lintas internasional menuju era globalisasi.
Padi berwarna kuning berjumlah 17 dan kapas berwarna putih berjumlah 8 tangkai, 4 kelopak berwana coklat, 5 kuntum bunga melambangkan Propinsi Banten merupakan daerah agraris, cukup sandang pangan. 17-8-45 menunjukkan Proklamasi Republik Indonesia.
Gunung berwarna hitam, melambangkan kekayaan alam dan menunjukkan dataran rendah serta pegunungan.
Badak bercula satu, melambangkan masyarakat yang pantang menyerah dalam menegakkan kebenaran dan dilindungi oleh hukum.
Laut berwarna biru, dengan gelombang putih berjumlah 17 melambangkan daerah maritim,
kaya dengan potensi lautnya.
Roda gerigi berwarna abu-abu berjumlah 10,
menunjukkan orientasi semangat kerja pembangunan dan sektor industri.
Dua garis marka berwarna putih, menunjukkan landasan pacu Bandara Soekarno Hatta.
Lampu bulatan kuning,  melambangkan pemacu semangat mencapai cita-cita.
Pita berwarna kuning, melambangkan ikatan persatuan dan kesatuan masyarakat Banten.
Semboyan "IMAN TAQWA" sebagai landasan pembangunan menuju Banten Mandiri, Maju dan Sejahtera.
Arti warna yang digunakan dalam simbol daerah:
Merah : melambangkan keberanian
Putih : melambangkan suci, arif dan bijaksana
Kuning : melambangkan kemuliaan, lambang kejayaan dan keluhuran
Hitam : melambangkan keteguhan, kekuatan dan ketabahan hati
Abu-abu : melambangkan ketabahan
Biru : melambangkan kejernihan, kedamaian dan ketenangan
Hijau : melambangkan kesuburan
Coklat : melambangkan kemakmuran

Nilai Budaya

Terdapat 20 seni tradisional yang  dapat dibagi menjadi empat kategori, yaitu:
Seni Tradisional yang sangat kental diwarnai agama Islam yang perkembangannya hidup bersama agama itu sendiri. Seni-seni dalam katagori ini adalah : ngabedug (seni bedug), seni rampak bedug, seni qasidah, terebang gede, marhaba rakbi, dzikir saman, debus, patingtung, rudat, angklung buhun, dog dog lojor, bendrong lesung, ubrug dan beluk.
Seni Tradisional yang datang dari luar Banten tapi telah mengalami proses akulturasi budaya sehingga terkesan sebagai seni tradisional Banten. Termasuk katagori ini adalah seni-seni kuda lumping, tayuban, gambang kromong dan tari cokek.

Kota Cilegon terdiri dari 8 Kecamatan :
-          Cibeber
-          Cilegon
-          Citangktil
-          Ciwandan
-          Gerogol
-          Jombang
-          Pulo Merak
-          Purwakarta

Kota Tangerang terdiri dari 12 Kecamatan :
-          Batu Ceper
-          Benda
-          Cibodas
-          Ciledug
-          Cipondoh
-          Jatiuwung
-          Karang Tengah
-          Larangan
-          Neglasari
-          Periuk
-          Pinang
-          Tangerang

Kabupaten Lebak terdiri dari 18 Kecamatan :
-          Banjarsari
-          Bayah
-          Bojong Manik
-          Cibadak
-          Cibeber
-          Cijaku
-          Cikulur
-          Cileles
-          Cimarga
-          Cipanas
-          Gunung Kencana
-          Leuwidamar
-          Maja
-          Malingping
-          Muncang
-          Panggarangan
-          Rangkas Bitung
-          Sajira
-          Warung Gunung


Kota Serang

Kota Tangerang Selatan

Kabupaten Pandeglang terdiri dari 26 Kecamatan :
-          Angsana
-          Banjar
-          Bojong
-          Cadasari
-          Cibaliung
-          Cigeulis
-          Cikedal
-          Cikeusik
-          Cimanggu
-          Cimanuk
-          Cipeucang
-          Cisata
-          Jiput
-          Kaduhejo
-          Karang Tanjung
-          Labuan
-          Mandala Wangi
-          Menes
-          Munjul
-          Pagelaran
-          Pandeglang
-          Panimbang
-          Patia
-          Picung
-          Saketi
-          Sumur

Kabupaten Serang terdiri dari 32 Kecamatan :
-          Anyar
-          Baros
-          Binuang
-          Bojonegara
-          Carenang
-          Cikande
-          Cikeusal
-          Cinangka
-          Ciomas
-          Cipojok Jaya
-          Ciruas
-          Curug
-          Jawilan
-          Kasemen
-          Kibin
-          Kopo
-          Kragilan
-          Kramat Watu
-          Mancak
-          Pabuaran
-          Padarincang
-          Pamarayan
-          Petir
-          Pontang
-          Pulo Ampel
-          Serang
-          Taktakan
-          Tanara
-          Tirtayasa
-          Tanjung Teja
-          Walantaka
-          Waringin Kuring

Kabupaten Tangerang terdiri dari 26 Kecamatan :
-          Balaraja
-          Cikupa
-          Ciputat
-          Cisauk
-          Cisoka
-          Curug
-          Jambe
-          Jayanti
-          Kemiri
-          Kosambi
-          Kresek
-          Kronjo
-          Legok
-          Mauk
-          Pagedangan
-          Pakuhaji
-          Pamulang
-          Panongan
-          Pasar Kemis
-          Pondok Aren
-          Rajeg
-          Sepatan
-          Serpong
-          Sukadiri
-          Teluk Naga
-          Tiga Raksa



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